It was clearly of great importance at the start of the 18th century, both to the free imperial city of Mühlhausen in Thuringia and to distant Vienna, metropolis of the Holy Roman Empire, to be recognized and to record signs of both independence and affiliation to the empire and its ruler. Two musical documents have survived in testimony. One owes its prominence to the composer, Johann Sebastian Bach, the other, preserved in Mühlhausen’s municipal archives and revived in performance today after more than three hundred years, is from the hand of Philipp Heinrich Erlebach: Musicalia bei dem Actu Homagiali Mulhusino den 28. October 1705 - Serenata, Concerto and Marche.